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The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress


MARITIME TRAFFIC SAFETY LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

(Adopted at the Second Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Sixth National People's Congress, promulgated by Order No. 7 of the
President of the People's Republic of China on September 2, 1983, and
effective as of January, 1, 1984)

Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Inspection and Registration of Vessels
Chapter III Personnel on Vessels and Installations
Chapter IV Navigation, Berthing and Operations
Chapter V Safety Protection
Chapter VI Transport of Dangerous Goods
Chapter VII Rescue from Disasters at Sea
Chapter VIII Salvage and Removal of Sunken and Drifting Objects
Chapter IX Investigation and Handling of Traffic Accidents
Chapter X Legal Liability
Chapter XI Special Provisions
Chapter XII Supplementary Provisions

Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This law is formulated in order to strengthen the control of maritime
traffic; ensure the safety of vessels, installations, human life and
property; and safeguard the rights and interests of the state.
Article 2
This Law shall apply to all vessels, installations and personnel and to
the owners and managers of such vessels and installations that navigate,
berth or operate in the coastal waters of the People's Republic of China.
Article 3
The harbour superintendence agencies of the People's Republic of China
shall be the competent authorities responsible for the unified supervision
and administration of traffic safety in the coastal waters.

Chapter II Inspection and Registration of Vessels
Article 4
Vessels and their major equipment relating to navigation safety must have
valid technical certificates issued by vessel inspection departments.
Article 5
A vessel must have a certificates showing its nationality, a vessel
registry certificate or a vessel licence.

Chapter III Personnel on Vessels and Installations
Article 6
Vessels shall be manned with qualified crew members according to a
standard quota to ensure the vessels' safety.
Article 7
The captain, chief engineer, pilot, engineers, radio and telephone
operators and similar personnel on board seaplanes or submersibles must
hold valid job certificates. All other crew members must undergo
specialized technical training required for their work.
Article 8
In accordance with state provisions, all installations shall be provided
with personnel who have mastered the techniques of collision avoidance,
signalling, communications, fire control, life-saving and other
operations.
Article 9
All personnel on vessels and installations must observe relevant rules and
regulations concerning maritime traffic safety, follow the operating rules
and ensure the safety of the vessels and installations in navigation,
berthing and operations.

Chapter IV Navigation, Berthing and Operations
Article 10
While navigating, berthing or carrying out operations, vessels and
installations must abide by the relevant laws, administrative statutes and
rules and regulations of the People's Republic of China.
Article 11
Non-military vessels of foreign nationality may not enter the internal
waters and harbours of the People's Republic of China without the approval
of its competent authorities. However, under unexpected circumstances such
as critical illness of personnel, engine breakdown or the vessels being in
distress or seeking shelter from weather when they do not have the time to
obtain approval, they may, while entering China's internal waters of
harbour, make an emergency report to the competent authorities and shall
obey its directions.
Military vessels of foreign nationality may not enter the territorial
waters of the People's Republic of China without the approval of the
Government of the People's Republic of China.
Article 12
Vessels sailing on international routes that enter and leave the harbours
of the People's Republic of China must accept inspection by the competent
authorities. Vessels of Chinese nationality sailing on domestic routes
that enter and leave such harbours must obtain port entry and departure
visas.
Article 13
Vessels of foreign nationality entering and leaving a harbour of the
People's Republic of China, navigating or shifting berths in the harbour
area, or approaching or leaving mooring points or loading spots outside
the harbour must be navigated by a pilot designated by the competent
authorities.
Article 14
When entering or leaving harbours or passing through controlled traffic
areas, crowded navigable areas or areas where navigational conditions are
restricted, vessels must observe the special regulations promulgated by
the Government of the People's Republic of China or by the competent
authorities.
Article 15
Vessels shall be prohibited from entering or passing through restricted
navigation zones unless specially permitted by the competent authorities.
Article 16
Towing operations on the open sea involving large-sized installations and
mobile platforms must undergo towing inspection conducted by vessel
inspection departments and be reported to the competent authorities for
examination and approval.
Article 17
If the competent authorities finds the actual condition of a vessel to be
not in conformity with what is stated in the vessel's certificates, it
shall have the right to require the vessel to apply for a new inspection
or notify its owner or manager to adopt effective safety measures.
Article 18
If the competent authorities believes that a vessel presents a menace to
the safety of a harbour, it shall have the right to forbid the vessel from
entering the harbour or to order it to leave the harbour.
Article 19
The competent authorities shall have the right to forbid a vessel or an
installation from leaving the harbour or order it to suspend its voyage,
change its route or cease its operations under any one of the following
circumstances:
(1) if it violates any law, administrative statute or other rule or
regulation of the People's Republic of China;
(2) if it is in a condition unsuitable for navigation or towing;
(3) if it was involved in a traffic accident and has not completed the
necessary formalities;
(4) if it has not paid the fees that are due or furnished appropriate
security to the competent authorities or the department concerned: or
(5) if the competent authorities considers that there are other
circumstances that will jeopardize or might jeopardize maritime traffic
safety.

Chapter V Safety Protection
Article 20
Construction operations to be carried out on the surface or underwater in
coastal waters and the demarcation of corresponding safe operation zones
must be reported to the competent authorities for examination and approval
and must be publicly announced. Vessels not involved in the construction
project may not enter the safe operation zones. The construction unit may
not enlarge such zones without authorization. When shore lines are to be
used in harbour areas or when construction work, including overhead
operations, is to be carried out on the sea surface or underwater in such
areas, the plan and a drawing thereof must be submitted to the competent
authorities for examination and approval.
Article 21
The designation of restricted navigation zones in coastal waters must be
approved by the State Council or the competent authorities. However, the
designation of restricted navigation zones for military purposes shall be
approved by the competent department of the state in charge of military
affairs.
The restricted navigation zones shall be announced by the competent
authorities.
Article 22
Without the approval of the competent authorities, no installations may be
established or constructed, nor may any activities that hinder
navigational safety be carried out in harbour areas, anchorages,
navigation lanes, or crowded navigable areas, as well as in navigation
routes announced by the competent authorities.
With respect to any installations which have been established or
constructed in the above-mentioned areas without authorization, the
competent authorities shall have the right to order their owners to remove
or dismantle the installations within a given period of time.
Article 23
It shall be forbidden to damage navigation aids or navigational
facilities. Whoever has damaged navigation aids or navigational facilities
shall immediately report the damage to the competent authorities and be
liable for compensation.
Article 24
Vessels and installations shall promptly make a report to the competent
authorities if they discover any of the following situations:
(1) If navigation aids or navigational facilities malfunction or become
abnormal;
(2) if an obstacle or drifting object jeopardizing the safety of
navigation is discovered; or
(3) if there are other abnormal situations jeopardizing the safety of
navigation.
Article 25
No obstacle affecting the efficacy of navigation aids may be erected or
installed in areas surrounding the aids. Any lights in the vicinity of the
navigation aids or navigational lanes that jeopardize navigation safety
shall be properly screened.
Article 26
When removing or dismantling installations, salvaging or removing sunken
ships or objects, and handling the finishing operations of underwater
projects, no hidden dangers shall be left to menace navigational or
operational safety. Before the aforesaid operations have been properly
completed, their owners or managers must be responsible for erecting
markers as required and making an accurate report to the competent
authority on the type, shape, size and location of the obstacle and the
depth of water over it.
Article 27
Safety administration must be strengthened with respect to harbour
wharves, mooring points and loading spots outside of harbour areas as well
as ship locks, so that they are always kept in good condition.
Article 28
To meet the requirements of maritime traffic safety, the competent
authority shall fix and adjust traffic control areas and harbour
anchorages. The designation of anchorages outside of harbour areas shall
be announced by the competent authority after the report relative thereto
has been submitted to and approved by higher authorities.
Article 29
The competent authorities shall, in accordance with relevant provisions of
the state, be responsible for issuing navigational warnings and
navigational notices.
Article 30
In order to ensure the safety of navigation, berthing and operations, the
departments concerned shall maintain unimpeded communications facilities,
ensure distinct and effective navigation aids and navigational facilities
and, in a timely manner, provide offshore meteorological forecasts and
necessary books and reference materials concerning maritime navigation.
Article 31
When vessels and installations are involved in accidents that jeopardize
or may jeopardize traffic safety, the competent authorities shall have the
right to take necessary, compulsory measures to deal with the matter.

Chapter VI Transport of Dangerous Goods
Article 32
When vessels or installations store, load, unload or transport dangerous
goods, they must maintain safe and reliable equipment and conditions and
observe the state provisions governing the control and transport of
dangerous goods.
Article 33
When vessels load and transport dangerous goods, they must go through the
procedures for declaration to the competent authorities and they may not
enter or leave the harbour or load or unload until approval has been
obtained.

Chapter VII Rescue from Disasters at Sea
Article 34
When vessels, installations or aircraft are in distress, they shall, in
addition to issuing distress signals calling for help, use the quickest
method possible to report to the competent authorities the time and place
of the accident, the extent of damage, the assistance required and the
cause of the accident.
Article 35
Vessels, installations or aircraft in distress and their owners or mangers
shall take all effective measures to organize their own rescue efforts.
Article 36
When vessels or installations in the vicinity of the scene of an accident
receive a distress signal or discover that people's lives are endangered,
they shall do their best to rescue the people in distress insofar as their
own safety is not seriously endangered, and promptly report to the
competent authorities the situation at the scene, their own names, call
numbers and positions.
Article 37
Vessels or installations involved in a collision shall exchange their
names, nationalities and ports of registry and do their best to rescue
personnel in distress. The vessels involved may not leave the scene of
the accident without authorization, insofar as their own safety is not
seriously endangered.
Article 38
Upon receiving a request for rescue, the competent authorities shall
immediately organize a rescue operation. All units concerned and vessels
or installations in the vicinity of the scene must act under the orders of
the competent authorities.
Article 39
When a foreign country intends to dispatch vessels or aircraft into the
territorial waters or the airspace over the territorial waters of the
People's Republic of China to search for and rescue vessels or people in
distress, it must obtain the approval of the competent [Chinese]
authorities.

Chapter VIII Salvage and Removal of Sunken and Drifting Objects
Article 40
With respect to sunken or drifting objects that may affect the safety of
navigation and the management of navigation lanes, as well as those
constituting a threat of explosion, the owners or managers thereof shall
salvage and remove such objects within a deadline set by the competent
authorities. Otherwise, the competent authorities shall have the right to
take measures to compel the salvage and removal of the objects, and their
owners or managers shall bear all the expenses incurred thereby.
The provisions of this Article shall not prejudice the rights of the
owners or managers of the sunken or drifting objects to demand
compensation from third parties.
Article 41
No sunken vessels or sunken objects in the coastal waters may be salvaged
or dismantled without the approval of the competent authorities.

Chapter IX Investigation and Handling of Traffic Accidents
Article 42
Any vessel or installation involved in a traffic accident shall submit a
written accident report and relative materials to the competent
authorities and accept its investigation and handling of the accident.
While being investigated by the competent authorities the parties involved
in the accident and relevant personnel must give a truthful account of
circumstances at the scene of the accident and other relevant information.
Article 43
In the event of a traffic accident that involves a vessel or installation,
the competent authorities shall ascertain the cause of the accident and
fix the responsibility for it.

Chapter X Legal Liability
Article 44
The competent authorities shall, in the light of the circumstances, impose
one or more of the following penalties on anyone who violates this Law:
(1) warnings;
(2) withholding or revoking work certificates; or
(3) fines.
Article 45
If a party does not accept the penalty of a fine or revocation of his work
certificate imposed by the competent authorities, he may bring suit in a
people's court within 15 days after receiving notification of the penalty.
If he neither brings suit nor complies with the penalty upon the
expiration of that period, the competent authorities shall request
compulsory enforcement from the people's court.
Article 46
A civil dispute arising from a maritime traffic accident may be settled
through mediation by the competent authorities. If the parties are
unwilling to have the case mediated or if the mediation is unsuccessful,
the parties may bring suit in the people's court. Parties to a case
involving foreign interests may also submit the case to an arbitration
agency for mediation, in accordance with the written agreement concluded
between them.
Article 47
Those whose violation of this Law constitutes a crime shall be
investigated for their criminal responsibility by judicial organs in
accordance with the Law.

Chapter XI Special Provisions
Article 48
Within the waters of fishing harbours, the state fisheries administration
and fishing harbour superintendence agencies shall exercise the functions
and powers of the competent authorities as provided in this Law, being
responsible for the supervision and administration of traffic safety and
for the investigation and handling of traffic accidents between fishing
vessels in coastal waters. Concrete measures for implementation shall be
separately prescribed by the State Council.
Article 49
The internal administration of offshore military jurisdictional areas and
military vessels and installations, the administration of surface and
underwater operations carried out for military purposes, and the
inspection and registration of public security vessels, the provision of
their personnel and the issuing of their port entry and departure visas
shall be separately prescribed by the relevant competent departments of
the state in accordance with this Law.

Chapter XII Supplementary Provisions
Article 50
For the purpose of this Law, the definitions of the following terms are:
"Coastal waters" means the harbours, inland waters, territorial waters and
all other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the state along the seacoast
of the People's Republic of China.
"Vessels" means all types of displacement or non-displacement ships,
rafts, seaplanes, submersibles and mobile platforms.
"Installations" means all types of surface and underwater structures or
installations, whether fixed or floating, and fixed platforms.
"Operations" means investigations, exploration, exploitation, survey
construction, dredging, demolition, rescue, salvage, towing, fishing,
aquatic breeding, loading and unloading, scientific experimentation and
other surface and underwater operations.
Article 51
The competent department of the State Council shall, on the basis of this
Law, formulate rules for its implementation, which shall go into effect
after being submitted to and approved by the State Council.
Article 52
In cases of conflict between laws and regulations pertaining to maritime
traffic safety hitherto promulgated and this Law, this Law shall prevail.
Article 53
This Law shall go into effect on January 1, 1984.




Important Notice:
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

交通运输部办公厅


交通运输部办公厅关于推进交通运输信息化智能化发展的指导意见




各省、自治区、直辖市、新疆生产建设兵团及计划单列市、经济特区交通运输厅（局、委），天津市市政公路管理局，天津市、上海市交通运输和港口管理局，部属各单位，部内各单位，部管各社团，有关交通运输企业：
　　为了充分发挥信息化智能化在引领交通运输转型升级，推动交通运输现代化发展中的重要作用，提出以下指导意见：
　　一、指导思想
　　以党的十八大精神为指导，围绕交通运输转型升级，积极推进信息化智能化发展模式创新、现代技术应用、业务流程优化和信息资源开发利用，切实提升交通运输行业管理能力和服务水平，为推进综合交通、智慧交通、绿色交通和平安交通建设，加快实现交通运输现代化提供坚强支撑。
　　二、建设目标
　　到2020年，基本形成目标一致、功能协调、运转高效、有机衔接的交通运输信息化智能化发展总体格局，交通运输信息化普及程度大幅度提升，重点领域智能化发展取得突破，交通运输信息化智能化发展水平显著提高。
　　——基本建成全面高效的交通基础设施和载运工具运行状态感知体系，公共与专用相结合的信息通信网络满足发展需要。
　　——基本建成行业数据中心体系和信息资源互通共享的开发应用体系，信息系统间互联互通和信息资源综合利用水平显著提升。
　　——基本建成统筹协调的业务管理系统和快捷、准确、全面的信息服务体系，物流信息服务和公众出行信息服务满足社会需求，交通运输信息消费规模快速增长。
　　——基本建成适应信息化智能化发展要求的技术支撑体系和可信可控的网络与信息安全保障体系。
　　——在运输组织、公众出行、城市客运管理、安全应急保障和交通电子支付等领域，智能化水平显著提升。
　　三、主要任务
　　（一）加强信息化智能化发展统筹规划。
　　完善交通运输信息化智能化发展规划，制定总体功能框架和政策制度安排，明确实施路径、建设任务、技术体系和建设运营模式。加强不同运输方式、不同层级、不同区域以及与其他行业之间信息化智能化发展理念、建设目标和主要建设任务的有机衔接。在新一代信息技术应用环境下，研究确定交通运输信息化智能化发展的重点领域、发展目标和发展路径。
　　（二）加强业务流程优化和管理模式创新。
　　按照信息化智能化建设需要，完善管理架构，调整资源配置，加快管理和服务模式创新，优化业务流程，明确业务信息的内容、标准和传输处理路径，不断提高行业管理水平和服务质量与信息化智能化发展。强化电子政务建设需求分析工作，建立项目绩效评估机制，完善项目全过程管理，确保工程质量。
　　（三）加强信息数据的采集、管理与应用。
　　提高信息采集密度，增加信息采集种类，全面增强交通运输信息采集、存储和处理能力。制定数据质量管理制度，切实提高数据质量。建设以部级数据中心为核心节点，省级数据中心为二级节点的交通运输行业数据中心体系。建立和完善满足综合交通运输发展需要的行业数据库。编制交通运输信息资源共享目录，建立共享机制，构建共享平台，促进与其他社会公共信息资源的整合应用，提高信息资源综合利用水平。
　　（四）加强重点应用领域信息系统建设。
　　加快推动安全应急、出行服务、市场信用、经济运行等交通运输信息化重大工程建设，加快推进物流公共信息服务示范工程、交通运输领域国家物联网应用示范工程、国家高分辨率对地观测系统应用示范工程和国家下一代互联网应用示范工程的建设。推进北斗卫星导航系统、海事卫星系统在交通运输领域中的广泛应用，加快推进全国高速公路光纤通信网络的建设和开发利用，大力推进道路货运车辆监管服务和数字航道等管理系统建设，推动综合办公业务、综合执法监督管理、廉政风险防控和政府网站等电子政务系统建设。
　　（五）加强智能交通技术集成创新和试点示范。
　　加快物联网、新一代移动通信、云计算、大数据管理、下一代互联网等现代信息技术在交通运输领域的集成应用创新，加强智能交通示范工程引领作用。重点开展多式联运、甩挂运输、城市物流配送及仓储、交通信息服务、交通诱导、公共交通综合调度、客运枢纽管理服务、主动安全预警、港口自动化作业等领域智能系统研发与推广。加快推进电子不停车收费、公共交通一卡通、金融IC卡和移动支付在交通领域的推广应用。推进车联网技术在拥堵预防、节能减排、通行能力提升等方面的应用。
　　（六）加强可持续发展体制机制建设。
　　进一步明确交通运输信息化智能化项目建设和运营主体。明确政府职能定位，制定相关政策，充分调动社会力量，共同推动交通运输信息化智能化发展。支持采用项目代建、服务外包等方式，开展信息化工程建设和运营维护。支持企业牵头建设、运营交通运输信息采集和信息服务平台。支持各类主体依法平等使用信息资源，开展高品质、差异化、多层次的交通运输信息增值服务。建立市场准入和服务质量监管制度，促进交通运输信息服务产业健康有序发展。
　　（七）加强信息化智能化标准体系建设。
　　建立健全交通运输信息化智能化标准体系，强化基础性、关键共性标准的制修订，加快综合运输、物流信息服务等领域的标准制修订。加强各专业领域标准之间、行业标准与国家标准之间的协调，积极推动信息化智能化标准的国际化进程。积极组织和吸引企业开展信息化智能化标准制修订工作。加强信息系统、产品和服务的行业准入管理，建立交通运输信息化智能化标准一致性、符合性检测体系和技术平台，形成标准制修订、宣贯应用、咨询服务和执行监督的闭环管理体系。
　　（八）加强网络与信息安全保障体系建设。
　　建立健全交通运输网络与信息安全保障机制，全面落实信息安全等级保护和分级保护制度，提升信息安全预警能力，加强网络与信息安全情况报送和通报。完善交通运输密钥管理和证书认证体系，应用密码技术保障集成电路卡、电子标签、智能信息终端设备，以及重要信息系统的数据存储和传输安全，为交通运输信息化智能化发展提供信息安全保障。
　　四、保障措施
　　（一）加强组织领导。各级交通运输主管部门应建立信息化领导机构，完善工作机制，将信息化智能化工作列入重要议事日程，加强顶层设计，明确责任分工，强化对信息化工作的指导和协调。
　　（二）健全和完善资金保障机制。各级交通运输主管部门要积极探索信息化投资建设和运营模式。探索将基础设施信息采集系统的建设和维护纳入交通运输基础设施建设养护范畴。加强交通运输电子政务系统运行维护经费保障。多渠道筹集资金，支持交通运输信息化智能化共性关键技术研发和工程示范。
　　（三）加强人才培养和宣传工作。加强对行业从业人员的信息化智能化业务培训，支持和鼓励高等院校和职业技术学校开设相关专业课程。加强交通运输信息化智能化领域的国际交流与合作。加大宣传力度，提高全社会对交通运输信息化智能化发展的参与意识。


交通运输部办公厅（章）
2013年9月24日